Enhanced optical bistability in slotted photonic crystal structure for microwave frequency generation

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Scientific Reports

Abstract

This study proposes a novel silicon nanocrystal SiNC/SiO embedded slotted photonic crystal nanocavity employing precise width modulation to explore optical bistability and self-pulsing behavior for microwave signal generation. The designed cavity achieves an ultra-high quality factor (Q) of and a low modal volume of. Theoretical modeling incorporating Kerr nonlinearity, two-photon absorption, and free carrier effects is used to analyze the bistability response. Simulation results reveal a low threshold power of for optical bistability under a − 20 pm detuning condition. Additionally, the cavity demonstrates microwave frequency generation through self-pulsing oscillations, with a fundamental mode and observable second harmonic at 21.34 GHz. Fabrication tolerance is also evaluated, showing that the design sustains performance with up to 9% randomness in hole radii, 12% in x-position, and 20% in z-position of air holes. These findings confirm the feasibility of the proposed structure for low-power, high-frequency integrated photonic applications.

DOI

10.1038/s41598-025-20992-w

Publication Date

12-1-2025

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