Chitosan-based injectable nanocomposite hydrogels for bone tissue regeneration and bone tissue engineering

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials

Abstract

Bone regeneration remains a significant challenge in recent years, driving the development of innovative biomaterials that can mimic the native bone matrix. Injectable chitosan-based nanocomposite hydrogels offer a transformative approach, combining the natural biocompatibility of chitosan with the multifunctionality of nanomaterials. Chitosan, a polysaccharide with a structure akin to glycosaminoglycans, fosters cell adhesion and proliferation, making it an attractive scaffold material for bone repair. When integrated with nanomaterials, such as carbon-based nanoparticles (NPs) (graphene oxide [GO], nanotubes, and nanodiamonds [NDs]), metallic NPs (gold and silver), nanoceramics (e.g., hydroxyapatite [HA] and bioactive glasses), and polymeric NPs, the mechanical and bioactive properties of the hydrogel are significantly enhanced. Each class of nanomaterial brings unique advantages, such as improved strength and conductivity, antimicrobial properties, mirroring the mineral component of bone, promoting osteogenesis, and modulating hydrogel degradation and mechanical flexibility. This review delves into these diverse nanocomposite hydrogels, exploring how their tunable properties can be tailored for optimal bone healing. The focus is on how the synergy between chitosan and nanomaterials enhances the performance of the hydrogel in bone tissue engineering (BTE), from boosting osteoconductivity to enabling injectable, minimally invasive delivery. By analyzing recent advances in nanocomposite hydrogels, this paper highlights their potential to revolutionize the treatment of bone defects, presenting a versatile platform that bridges the gap between functional biomaterials and clinical application in bone regeneration strategies.

First Page

1732

Last Page

1755

DOI

10.1080/00914037.2025.2493910

Publication Date

1-1-2025

This document is currently not available here.

Share

COinS