Biodegradability of Musa Acuminata (Banana)-Fiber-Reinforced Bio-Based Epoxy Composites: The Influence of Montmorillonite Clay

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Engineering Proceedings

Abstract

The increasing environmental concerns associated with conventional composites, made using glass-fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRP) and carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP), have shifted attention to bio-based composites. These environmentally responsible alternatives offer performance without sacrificing biodegradability. The present study examines the biodegradability of a novel bio-based epoxy composite reinforced with Musa acuminata (banana) fibers. Two composite variants were compared: one with 2.5% Montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay and one without. While previous research has demonstrated an enhancement in mechanical and physical properties of polymer matrix composites with the addition of MMT nanoclay, it was hypothesized in this study that nanoclay addition would not significantly impact the composites’ biodegradability. To confirm this, we conducted standard biodegradability tests and an SEM analysis. The SEM results revealed a uniform distribution of MMT nanoclay within the bio-based polymer matrix, in addition to strong interfacial adhesion and decreased void crater sizes. The inclusion of nanoclay did not significantly impact the composites’ biodegradability, according to the statistical analysis provided in the present study. The present study also developed regression models to predict biodegradability over time to facilitate the determination of the timespan required for 100 percent biodegradability of the tested bio-based composite. Thus, this study is a significant benchmark for advancing eco-friendly composite materials.

DOI

10.3390/engproc2023059006

Publication Date

1-1-2023

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