Optimizing Structural and Architectural Design of Columns in Multi-Storey Buildings

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Civil Engineering and Architecture

Abstract

Multi-story structures are becoming a popular option in modern development due to the fast urbanization and rising demand for residential and commercial spaces. The most popular construction method for these kinds of buildings is reinforced cement concrete (RCC) framed construction. But since materials, mostly steel and concrete, account for about 70% of the entire cost of RC buildings, it is necessary to establish sustainable and economical design techniques. The goal of this study is to optimize a ten-story commercial building's design in order to utilize less material while still meeting design codes' standards for serviceability and safety. The study investigates important factors that affect structural efficiency, such as material qualities, column orientation, geometry of structural grid, and column placement patterns. Case studies with different column grid configurations were examined to determine how these parameters influence the amounts of concrete and steel required for a safe design. The material requirements were determined by designing and evaluating each architectural plan. The column grid was strategically modified in each case to investigate the effect of a particular parameter on achieving design optimization. Moving columns toward the centre band of the building plan, keeping peripheral columns, aligning columns perpendicular to longer spans, and increasing the size of the peripheral columns with columns of shorter depth concentrated near the central band are all crucial design optimization strategies identified by this study. Higher-grade steel was also used, which improved structural strength while using less material in comparison with increasing the grade of concrete. These changes resulted in material savings of up to 2.58% for steel and 1.52% for concrete. The results offer useful suggestions for column grid architectural planning, emphasizing techniques that reduce the number of columns and maximize material usage. This study emphasizes how effective structural grid planning can lead to environmentally friendly and sustainable building methods. The study supports the larger objective of sustainable infrastructure development by optimizing design parameters, which helps building multi-story structures that are both economical and ecologically conscious.

First Page

2153

Last Page

2170

DOI

10.13189/cea.2025.130348

Publication Date

5-1-2025

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