Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase enzyme and antioxidant activity of the metabolites purified from an endophytic fungus of Simarouba glauca DC

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

South African Journal of Botany

Abstract

Exploring new bioactive compounds from endophytic fungi with the anticipation of novel alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) has led to the identification of few interesting small compounds. In the present study, the major chunk of purified fraction (‘DFR8’: Diaporthe sp. Fraction number 8) had a compound 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (compound 4), reported for the first time in an endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp. isolated from a medicinal plant, Simarouba glauca DC. The fraction (‘DFR8’) was purified from ethyl acetate extract of Diaporthe sp. using the activity-based column purification method, and the fraction showed the highest AG inhibition (IC50 = 22.85 μg/mL). The fraction also showed significant antioxidant properties (DPPH: IC50=206.60 µg/mL and ABTS: IC50=59.65 µg/mL) and contained phenolic compounds. Apart from compound 4, the GC–MS analysis of ‘DFR8’ revealed the presence of 16 other compounds at lesser concentrations, and some of them are already known for their antioxidant and alpha-glucosidase inhibition (AGI) activities. Interestingly, compound 4 (3-hydroxybenzoic acid) had the highest binding energy against both yeast and human AG enzymes when compared to the remaining compounds. Additionally, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid obeyed the crucial rules of drug-likeness properties during ADME/Toxicity evaluations, indicating that the compound could be developed into an effective AG inhibitor, which needs further detailed investigations.

First Page

134

Last Page

144

DOI

10.1016/j.sajb.2022.05.045

Publication Date

9-1-2022

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